Shea butter extract contains oleic acid (40–60%), stearic acid (20–50%), linoleic acid (3–11%), palmitic acid (2–9%), linolenic acid (<1%), and arachidic acid (<1%).[10]. It also contains vitamins A, E, and F.
Oleic Acid
Oleic acid calms, balances, and repairs the skin. It has anti-inflammatory properties proven to stimulate wound healing, making it very useful for conditions like eczema, rosacea, and psoriasis. Oils and butter high in oleic acid are found to be the best at repairing and protecting the natural skin barrier. (Vaughn, 2018)(Poljšak, 2020)
Stearic Acid
Stearic acid is an emollient and lubricant that softens skin. It protects the skin's surface against water loss, fortifies its protective barrier, and has texture-enhancing properties. It is a natural emulsifier, which is useful when making products because it prevents them from separating.
Palmitic Acid
Again, moisturizing.
Linoleic Acid
Also known as Vitamin F, an omega-6 chain fatty acid is one of two essential acids in shea. Essential acids are components the body cannot make naturally, so they must be ingested to enter the bloody system. They are significant for skin health, especially for conditions like eczema and psoriasis.
When used topically, Linoleic acid moisturizes and “plumps” the skin without weighing it down. Fortifying and protecting its barrier, it fends off UV rays and air pollutants like smoke. However, we should stress that it does not offer SPF protection.